德州仪器的基本面(自由现金流/股息)强劲,但估值偏高,大部分上行空间已被定价,对近期收益持中性至略微看空态度。
逐段跳播
现在我们有德州仪器,它在很多方面与博通几乎完全相反。不一定是从业务角度来看,而是从业绩角度来看。在过去5年左右的时间里,该股仅上涨了约38%。你可以看到,从2021年底到2026年初,价格表现极其波动。
波动很大,最终没有涨跌。然后突然间,股价从每股约150美元、160美元飙升,在2026年夏天达到每股332美元的峰值。现在,仅在过去几个月里,我们看到从这些峰值略有回落,但该股今年仍上涨了46.8%。
Now we have Texas Instruments, who in a lot of ways is pretty much the complete opposite of Broadcom. Not necessarily from a business perspective, but from a performance perspective. Over the last 5 years or so, the stock is only up about 38%. And you can see from late 2021, really till early 2026, the price performance was extremely choppy. It was very volatile and ultimately went nowhere. And then all of a sudden, the stock price surged from around $150, $160 a share and peaked at $332 a share in the summer of 2026. Now, in the last few months alone, we've seen a little bit of a pullback from those peaks, but the stock is still up 46.8% this year.
如果你关注这个频道有一段时间了,你可能会有一些想法,因为我已经谈论这只股票几年了,而且它对我来说表现相当不错。我在这个头寸上上涨了约78%。
Well, if you've been watching the channel for a while now, you might have a little bit of an idea because I've been talking about this stock for a few years now, and it's a stock that's done pretty well for me personally. I'm up about 78% on this position.
那么,德州仪器股票背后的故事是什么?它仍然是一个机会吗?如果你访问他们的网站,我实际上很喜欢他们的表述。他们非常注重资本管理,甚至有一个完整的演示文稿专门讨论这一点。
So, what's the story behind Texas Instrument stock and is it still an opportunity? Well, if you jump over to their website, I actually love what they state. They're very focused on capital management and they even have a whole presentation dedicated strictly to this.
实际上,他们说的正是我一直宣扬的。以长期所有者的心态经营公司。他们相信每股自由现金流的增长是长期价值的主要驱动力。在投资业务以长期增长自由现金流之后,剩余现金将随着时间的推移通过股息和股票回购返还。
And really, they state what I preach all the time. Running the company with the mindset of a long-term owner. They believe the growth of free cash flow per share is the primary driver of long-term value. And after a credit of investments in the business to grow free cash flow for the long term, the remaining cash will be returned over time via dividends and share repurchases.
从历史上看,他们正是这样做的。而且他们还以高速度增长了股息。你可以看到,就在2016年,股息大约是每股38美分。到2026年,达到142美元。所以,我们说的是快速的股息增长。
And historically speaking, that's exactly what they've done. And they've grown dividends at a high rate as well. You can see just back in 2016, dividends are about 38 cents per share. by 2026, $142. So, we're talking about rapid dividend growth.
现在,目前的收益率大约在2.18%。请记住,这是在股价大幅上涨之后。所以,不久之前这只股票的收益率还远高于3%。
Now, right now, the yield is sitting at about 2.18%. And keep in mind, that's after we saw a huge run up in the share price. So, it wasn't that long ago this stock was yielding well above 3%.
但股价背后的故事是什么?过去5年非常波动,然后在2026年大幅上涨。这将给我们一些分解。如果我们开始向下滚动,这里就是他们目前的资本配置情况。正如他们所说,他们正在大力再投资于业务。这已经计划了一段时间,然后支付股息和回购股票。
But what's the story behind the share price? Again, very choppy over the last 5 years and then surged forward in 2026. Well, this is going to give us a little bit of a breakdown. If we start to scroll down, here's where they're at with their capital allocation right now. Like they stated, they're reinvesting heavily back into the business. This has been planned for a while, then paying out dividends and buying back shares.
现在,如果我们向下滚动,我们将更清楚地了解这实际上是什么样子。这个形象一直是德州仪器的最终目标。但要真正理解它,你需要稍微退一步。
Now, if we scroll down, we're going to get a little more of a picture of what this actually looks like. This image has been the ultimate goal for Texas Instruments. But to really understand it, you need to back up for a moment.
如果我们跳回预测器,让我们谈谈德州仪器的资本支出。如果我们跳到基本面选项卡,进入财务报表,进入现金流量表并向下滚动。如果你向下滚动得足够远,你会找到该股的资本支出。
If we jump back over to forecaster, let's talk about capital expenditures for a moment for Texas Instruments. If we jump over to the fundamentals tab and go to financial statements, go to the statement of cash flows and scroll down. If you scroll down far enough, you're going to find the capex spending for the stock.
现在,你会注意到,从历史上看,这是一家资本相对充足的业务。资本支出不多,这使得自由现金流生成相对容易。但我们可以看到,资本支出从大约2021年开始大幅增加。他们经历了一段高资本支出时期。但资本支出已经开始减少。
Now, what you'll notice is historically speaking, this was a relatively capitalized business. Not a lot of capital expenditures, which made free cash flow generation relatively easy. But what we can see is capex spending ramped up heavily starting in around 2021. They went through a period of heavy capex spending. But that capex spending has started to reduce.
现在,为什么资本支出重要?我们为什么要看这个具体指标?记住自由现金流公式。很简单。经营现金流减去资本支出等于自由现金流。正如我们刚才看到的,自由现金流是内在价值的最终驱动因素。
更具体地说,是每股自由现金流。所以,我们不喜欢看到高水平的资本支出,除非它创造更多的增长机会。而这正是德州仪器想要做的。
Now, why is capex important? Why are we looking at this specific metric? Well, remember the free cash flow formula. It's simple. It's operating cash flows minus capital expenditures equals free cash flow. And like we just saw, free cash flow is the ultimate driver of intrinsic value. More specifically, free cash flow on a per share basis. So, we don't like to see high levels of capex spending unless it creates more growth opportunities. And that's exactly what Texas Instruments was aiming to do.
我们在这里看到的是200毫米晶圆与300毫米晶圆的示例部件的销售价格。你会注意到它们的毛利率截然不同。事实上,300毫米的芯片成本低40%。再次强调,最终目标是在未来解锁更高的收入增长流。
What we can see here is the sales price of an example part of a 200 millimeter wafer versus a 300 millimeter wafer. And what you'll notice is the gross margins on these are radically different. In fact, the chip cost is 40% less on 300 mm. Now again, the ultimate goal of this is to unlock higher revenue growth streams down the road.
你会注意到他们正在预测2026年的预计资本支出。同样,你可以看到下降趋势仍在继续。因此,不仅自由现金流增长将因有机收入增长而开始加速,而且利润率也将在后端开始迅速改善。
And what you'll notice is they're projecting out what their estimated capex spending will look like in 2026. Again, you can see that downward trend is continuing. So, not only will free cash flow growth start to speed up due to organic revenue growth, but also the margins are going to start rapidly improving on the back end.
所以,这张图是真正理解德州仪器最重要的图。再次强调,每股自由现金流是内在价值的最终驱动因素。你可以看到这里绘制的图表显示它正在高速增长。从历史上看,该股因此表现异常出色。
So, this image right here is the most important image to truly understand Texas Instruments. Again, free cash per share, the ultimate driver of their intrinsic value. And what you can see charted out here is it was growing at a high rate. And historically speaking, the stock did extraordinarily well as a result.
这里它正在高速增长。从历史上看,该股因此表现异常出色。我的意思是,看看德州仪器过去20年的长期回报。它们上涨了超过716%。
here is it was growing at a high rate. And historically speaking, the stock did extraordinarily well as a result. I mean, take a look at the long-term returns for Texas Instruments over the last 20 years. They're up over 716%.
但随着他们进入资本支出增加的时期,你可以看到每股自由现金流暴跌。所以我们看到市场上所有这些其他股票现在都在增加资本支出。很多超大规模股票。嗯,德州仪器是早期进入者。这导致每股自由现金流大幅下降。
But as they enter that time period of elevated capex spending, you can see free cash flow per share cratered. So we see all these other stocks on the market right now ramping up capex spending. A lot of the hyperscaler stocks. Well, Texas Instruments was early to that game. And it cost free cash flow per share to drop substantially.
但这是他们现在的目标范围。突然间,他们有望在当前的2026年收入共识下提供超过8美元的自由现金流。作为参考,在资本支出增加时期之前,他们每股大约在5或6美元以上。所以,这大约是每股自由现金流增加33%。
But here's their target range now. All of a sudden, they're on track to deliver more than $8 of free cash flare at their current 2026 revenue consensus. Now, for reference, they were sitting just a little bit above five or $6 per share before the period of elevated capex spending. So, that's roughly a 33% increase in free cash flow per share.
因此,如果这种趋势继续下去,德州仪器的复利效应就回来了。记住,股息和股票回购是每股自由现金流增长的结果。所以当我们看到这种连续22年增长股息的历史,尽管过去几年由于每股自由现金流较低,派息率看起来很难看,但最终这仍然是一个安全的股息。
And so, if that trend continues, that compounding effect for Texas Instruments is back. And remember, dividends and share buybacks are the result of growing free cash flow per share. So when we see this history of growing dividends 22 consecutive years in fact while the payout ratios looked ugly over the last few years with free cash flow per share lower ultimately this is still a safe dividend.
事实上,我们应该继续期待未来看到不错的股息增长水平。不仅是股息增长,我们还应该继续看到一定程度的股票回购。过去几年有点少,但我们说的是自2004年以来流通股减少了47%的公司。
想想这意味着什么。通过基本上减少流通股,将其减半。它导致所有其他每股指标基本上翻倍。
In fact we should continue to expect to see nice levels of dividend growth moving forward. And not just dividend growth but we should continue to see some level of share buybacks. Now it's been a little bit less over the last few years but we're talking about a company that since 2004 reduced its shares outstanding by 47%. Think about what that means for a moment. by basically reducing their shares outstanding, cutting it in half. It causes all the other per share metrics to essentially double.
如果做得好,股票回购对股息增长投资者来说是不可思议的。话虽如此,我们经常听到关于股票回购与支付股息的辩论,它们都有各自的优缺点。当它们做得恰当时,我都是两者的忠实粉丝。但我们需要指出一点,如果你是一个希望靠股息生活的人,我有好消息,因为股息的支付更加可持续。
管理层对它们的承诺比对股票回购的承诺要大得多,股票回购每年可能波动很大。
When done correctly, share buybacks are incredible for dividend growth investors. Now, with that being said, we hear debates of share buybacks versus dividends being paid out all the time, and they both have their pros and cons. I'm I'm a big fan of both of them when they're done properly. But one thing we do need to point out, if you're someone looking to live off dividends, I have good news because dividends are much more sustainable in their payouts. management is much more committed to them versus share buybacks which can fluctuate by a wide amount year-over-year.
所以当我们看德州仪器并看过去5年的自由现金流时,是的,它暴跌了,但现在我们理解了原因,我们可以看到自由现金流正在迅速恢复,每股自由现金流预计将
So when we look at Texas Instruments and look at free cash flow over the last 5 years, yes, it's cratered, but now we understand the story of why and we can see free cash flow is quickly recovering and free cash per share is expected to
当然,因此,我们应该继续期待股息增加。但这一切的一个警告是估值,因为这与博通相反。我们可以看到,在这个高资本支出期间,估值相当低。市场似乎不喜欢这样。但现在市场可以看到这些资本支出开始产生回报的曙光。
该股已大幅上涨,市盈率目前为39.5倍,基于过去十二个月的数据。
Of course, as a result, we should continue to expect dividends to increase. But the one caveat to all this is the valuation because again it's the opposite of Broadcom. We can see the valuation was quite low during this heavy capex spending period. The market didn't seem to like it. But now that the market can see the light that these capex spending is starting to pay off. The stock has jumped substantially and the price to earnings multiple is now sitting at 39.5 on a trailing 12-month basis.
但同样,这是因为市场所知道的。管理层给出的指引是什么?管理层指出,每股自由现金流可能比资本支出升高前的时期高出33%。因此,市场正在相应地进行定价。
But again it's because what the market knows. What was that guidance that management gave us? management pointed to the fact that free cash flow per share could easily be 33% higher than its pre-elevated capex spending era. So the market is pricing this in accordingly.
因此,当我们根据预测者的假设来看公允价值时,我们可以看到它约为每股236美元,而DCF模型指向的公允价值为271.8。
So when we look at fair value based on forecasters assumptions, we can see it has it at about $236 a share with the DCF model pointing to a fair value of 271.8.
如果我们简单地看一下敏感性分析,假设他们实现了约9.3的预期每股收益复合增长率,即使市盈率回落到30,你仍然可以看到2030年、2031年的复合回报率约为7%,请记住,如果加上约2%的股息起始收益率,这将使其超过9%的总回报。
If we simply look at a sensitivity analysis again, assume that they achieve their projected EPS cagger of about 9.3 and even if the PE multiple pulls all the way back to 30, you can still see 2030 2031 compounded returns around 7% which keep in mind when you include the nice starting yield on the dividend of about 2% that pushes it above 9% total.
所以,它仍然以合理的估值交易,但显然这是一只我在过去三四年里一直在谈论的股票,并且在我认为相当不错的估值时增加了一些股份。公平地说,我的投资组合确实从中获益。
So, it's still trading at a reasonable valuation, but obviously this is a stock I've been talking about really for the last 3 or 4 years now and added some shares at what I think is a pretty good valuation. And my portfolio, to be fair, has certainly reaped the benefit.
但具有讽刺意味的是,在2024年、2025年没有人谈论德州仪器。直到该股开始起飞,它才再次获得媒体的关注。因此,虽然目前的估值并非不合理,但该股已经实现了其大部分上行空间。
But what's ironic is nobody was talking about Texas Instruments in 2024, 2025. It wasn't until the stock started to take off that it started getting media attention again. And so while the valuation isn't too unreasonable right now, the stock has realized a lot of its upside.
话虽如此,有趣的是,我们在2026年第一季度看到了该股的大规模抛售。但当然,那正是该股股价开始大幅上涨的时候。但在过去几个季度,我们开始看到国会议员再次买入。
Now, with that being said, it's interesting because we saw a huge sell-off of the stock in Q1 of 2026. But of course, that is when the stock started to see a huge run up in the share price. But over the last couple of quarters, we've started to see members of Congress start to buy again.
这个频道对 $TXN 的历次判断
Dividendology 在这只股票上只有这一条判断。