ASML因其与蔡司的独家反射镜合作关系以及受益于自由电子激光等光刻创新的能力,是一个至少3-5年的安全长期持有标的。
逐段跳播
现在是内存。现在是用于制造芯片的EUV ASML工具。
Now it's memory. Now it's the EUV ASML tools to build chips.
记住,另一件难以确定的大事是,他们是否有办法用不同的方法克服ASML的光刻工具?因为在我看来,这是最大最难的事情,如果这个星球上有一个垄断,那就是他们和蔡司。
remember and the other thing the other big thing that's hard to nail as well as is there a way of them overcoming the ASML lithography tooling with a different approach? Cuz that seems to me like the biggest and hardest thing that like if there's a monopoly on the planet them and Zeiss are it.
是的,我不知道,蔡司将是一个非常难对付的。所以,ASML他们的核心技术是他们能够产生这种EUV光的方式,这种光的波长非常非常短,而且极其精确。
Yeah, and I don't know you know Zeiss is going to be a really hard one. So, ASML their core you know technology is the way that they're able to produce this EUV light which is just extremely extremely short wavelengths of light that are extremely precise
而且这涉及到大量的工程和科学魔法,包括在真空中用机枪发射微小的锡滴,然后用激光多次射击它们,他们能做到的事情简直荒谬。
um and there's whole lot of engineering and science voodoo magic that goes into that and it involves machine gunning little tiny tin droplets through a vacuum and shooting them with lasers a whole bunch of times and it's it's just ridiculous what they've been able to do.
但是,这并不是以一致的方式产生那些非常小波长的光的唯一方法。多年来有很多讨论的事情之一是所谓的自由电子激光器。所以,这是埃隆确认Terafab正在考虑尝试投入生产使用的东西。
But, it's not the only way to produce light at those very small wavelengths in a consistent way. Um one of the things that there's been a lot of talk about for a number of years is called free electron lasers. And so, this is something that Elon confirmed that the Terafab is looking at um trying to put into production use.
如果他们能替换现有ASML机器中的光源,你知道,ASML机器中最大最难最复杂的部分就是产生EUV光的这个部分。
And if they could replace the light source in existing ASML machines um you know the the biggest hardest most complicated piece of the ASML machine is this part that produces the EUV light.
如果他们能用自由电子激光器替换那个,你实际上可以有一个。所以,现在在每个单独的所以,在每台现有的ASML机器中,都有那个锡滴机枪EUV光源机器。
And if they could replace that with um a free electron laser, you could actually have one. So, right now in every individual So, in every existing ASML machine there is that tin droplet machine gun EUV light source machine.
自由电子激光器的一个特点是它们相对较大。它们不是那么,基本上,如果你想到粒子加速器,对于任何知道粒子加速器的人来说,这些是巨大的环形,它们使用大量的能量来加速非常小的原子粒子。
And one of the things about free electron lasers is that they're relatively large. They're not um so, it's basically you know, if you think of a particle accelerator, for anyone who knows what a particle accelerator is, are these big giant rings and they are they use a whole lot of power to accelerate very small particles of um atoms.
所以,无论是光子还是电子,还是所有这些,都以极高的速度。所以,自由电子激光器是那种的较小版本。通常它是直线完成的,所以它们是线性的粒子加速器,而不是圆形的。
So, whether that's photons or electrons or um all these things to extremely high speeds. So, a free electron laser is kind of a smaller version of that. Uh usually it's done in a straight line, so they're linear um particle accelerators rather than circular ones.
它们不一定需要很长,但是如果你想产生大量的EUV光,你确实会进入更大的机器。而且把它们放在一台ASML机器内部真的不切实际。
And they they don't have to necessarily be very long, um but if you want to create large amounts of EUV light, you do get into larger machines. Um and it's just not really pragmatic to put those inside of one ASML machine.
但是,你能做的是,你可以创建这样一个大型自由电子激光器,它沿着一条线集中电力,然后当电子向前移动时,它使电子左右振动。
But, what you can do is you can create one of these large free electron lasers that it it concentrates um electricity along a line, and then it vibrates the electrons side to side as they are moving forward.
它主要使用磁铁实现的左右振动,然后使那些电子发射光光子。根据它们来回摆动的频率,它们可以专门调整从那些电子中出来的光子的波长。
And the side-to-side vibration that it's achieving using magnets mostly, uh creates then it makes those electrons emit light photons. And depending on the frequency that they're wiggling them back and forth, they can specifically tune the wavelength of the photons that's coming out of those.
所以,这就是他们如何能够产生非常特定波长的光。然后他们可以把它分出来,他们可以从这个电子束中提取光。
And so, that's how they're able to produce light at a very specific wavelength. Um and then they can take that and split it off, and they can extract the light from this electron beam.
所以,他们可以大规模地做到这一点,并创建像电力一样的EUV光的集中生产,然后他们可以将其管道输送到各个ASML光刻机中。
And so, they can do this um in a a large way and create a centralized production of EU UV light almost like electricity, and then they can pipe it into individual ASML ASML lithography machines.
所以,我认为长期计划是在Terafab这里创建一个大型自由电子激光器,然后用那一个自由电子激光器为整个园区的每一台光刻机供光。
And so, I think that's the long-term plan is to create a large free electron laser here at the Terafab and then to use that one free electron laser to supply every single lithography machine on the whole campus.
就像一座为区域内所有家庭供电的发电厂。这将是制造设施中所有光刻机的光发电厂。所以,面对所有这些变化和颠覆,我想说的是,这里有所有的参与者,有美光、英伟达、台积电、ASML等等。
Just like you know, almost think of it like a power plant that supplies electricity to all of the homes in an area. This would be you know, the light power plant of all of the lithography machines in the manufacturing facility. So, with all these changes and disruption, what I'm trying to get at here is you've got all these players, you got the Microns, the Nvidias, and the TSMCs, and the ASMLs, etc.
所以我认为这更可能是叠加在现有技术之上,而不是完全取代像ASML、英伟达这样的公司。就像我刚才提到的自由电子激光器,光刻机的其他部分仍然非常困难且复杂,涉及那些非常特殊的蔡司反射镜。
Um So I would think that this would be something that layers on top of more likely than just completely eliminates you know, companies like ASML, companies like Nvidia. So like the free electron laser thing that I just mentioned you know, the other part of the lithography machine is still really hard and really complicated and it involves those very special Zeiss mirrors that
如果ASML与蔡司保持主要合作关系,将其集成到机器中,那么即使对于蔡司或ASML来说,这仍然创造了很大的空间,因为锡滴EUV的瓶颈被消除了,也许他们可以比以前卖出更多的机器,专注于完成移动芯片、晶圆和激光来回的所有工作,以实现这些低分辨率特征上的精细细节。
then if ASML has the prime relationship with Zeiss to put this into a machine, then that still creates a lot of surface area even for Zeiss or I mean for ASML to be a beneficiary like because the the bottleneck of this tin droplet EUV is eliminated, maybe they can actually sell more machines than they sold before and just focus on doing the all of the things that are involved in moving the chips and the I mean the wafers and the laser back and forth to achieve all these fine grain details on these low low resolution um features for for chips and logic.
他说,由于你提到的极其复杂的反射镜,中国人距离制造自己的、与ASML相当的尖端版本大约还需要15年。我与ASML紧密相连,他们将在未来15年内让我保持富有,直到我退休。
he said that the Chinese are roughly 15 years away from building their own cutting-edge versions of what ASML has because of their impossibly complex mirrors you referred to. I'm in bed with ASML and they're going to keep me rich for the next 15 years till I retire type of thing.
我认为ASML与蔡司的关系至少在未来3到5年内继续使他们处于非常有利的位置,可能更长。在这些时间框架内,作为ASML股东,我会感到非常安心,即使知道埃隆正在进行的Terafab项目。而且有传言说埃隆已经获得了ASML的产品。
and that relationship with Zeiss that ASML has, I think, continues to put them in a really good position for at least the next 3 to 5 years, you know, potentially longer than that. Um I would I would feel very comfortable as an ASML shareholder over those time frames, even knowing, you know, all this stuff that Elon's working on with Terafab. And And there rumor has it, too, that Elon has secured ASML product.
现在他们有点放弃了构建自己的计算能力。现在也许构建自己的芯片是一种介入。但最大的问题是,在所有这些噪音之后,你至少在未来3年内不担心你的英伟达仓位,不担心美光,不担心ASML。
Now they kind of have left building out their own compute. Now maybe building out their chip is kind of a stepping into it. But the big question is after all this noise, you're not worried about your Nvidia position, you're not worried about Micron, you not worried about ASML at least for the next 3 years.
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