尽管面临竞争威胁,NVDA凭借生态系统护城河和供应链主导地位,在未来3年内仍是一个强劲的持有标的。
逐段跳播
他们难道不是在不同的地方、不同的时间为英伟达制造GPU而进行所有这些分散的活动吗?
And aren't they doing all of these discrete activities to build a GPU for Nvidia all in different places? All at different times.
所以,面对所有这些变化和颠覆,我想说的是,你有所有这些参与者,有美光、英伟达、台积电、阿斯麦等等。
So, with all these changes and disruption, what I'm trying to get at here is you've got all these players, you got the Microns, the Nvidias, and the TSMCs, and the ASMLs, etc.
如果像上周我们谈到的那样,你最好的风险回报是英伟达,那会怎样?如果他们被颠覆了会怎样?是的,我认为,我从观察英伟达以及它目前所取得的成就中学到的教训之一是……
What happens if like last week we spoke about your best risk reward which is Nvidia. What happens if they get disrupted? Yeah, I think So one of the lessons that I've learned from watching how Nvidia has like what it is that Nvidia is accomplishing right now.
但这不仅仅是你能做什么,而是你能带来什么系统,以及你能创造什么生态系统。如果埃隆能够拥有这个东西,完全消除了对英伟达所创造并驱动的生态系统的需求,我会感到震惊。
But it's not just about what can you do but what is the system that you can bring along with you and what's the ecosystem that you can create? And I would be shocked if Elon was able to have this thing that just completely eliminated the entire need for the ecosystem that Nvidia has created and is powering.
所以我认为这更可能是叠加在现有系统之上,而不是完全消除像阿斯麦、英伟达这样的公司。正如我在上一集所说,这些公司和实体之间有很多合作空间。
Um So I would think that this would be something that layers on top of more likely than just completely eliminates you know, companies like ASML, companies like Nvidia. Um that there's a lot of like I said in the last episode, a lot of area for collaboration between these companies and entities.
但他们新芯片Jalapeno的流片速度创下了纪录,据称该芯片比英伟达GPU更好、更便宜、更快。
But they had a record breaking fast tape out of their new chip, jalapeno, which allegedly is better, cheaper, faster than an Nvidia GPU.
这是一个很好的数据点,表明使用人工智能,一家公司可以流片出一款适合其特定用例的优秀芯片。但像OpenAI这样的公司相对于英伟达或超大规模企业面临的一个挑战是,除非他们能够扩大整体计算工作负载的规模,否则他们永远会比超大规模企业或英伟达更小,或者成为更小的客户。
And it this is a great data point to show that using AI, a company can tape out a great chip that works for, you know, a specific use case that they have. But one of the challenges that a company like OpenAI is going to have relative to Nvidia or relative to hyperscalers is, you know, unless they're able to just grow the overall size of that computing workload, then they're always going to be a smaller company or that comp customer than a hyperscaler or an Nvidia.
然后特别是对于英伟达,因为英伟达是一个通用平台,Jalapeno能够在OpenAI的一个推理工作负载上表现出色的原因之一是,它是专门为那一项工作设计的芯片。
And then especially for Nvidia because Nvidia's a general platform, you know, one of the reasons why jalapeno's able to outperform on OpenAI's one inference workload is because it is a chip that's designed especially for that one job.
而且它不需要像英伟达系统那样承担支持各种不同工作的所有开销,它支持OpenAI的确切工作,然后为Anthropic支持类似的工作,为SpaceX的Grok支持类似的工作。哦,是的,还为谷歌的Gemini支持类似的工作,尽管谷歌有自己的TPU。
哦,是的,还为Meta支持类似的工作。因此,对所有这些不同工作的广泛支持是使得在某一项工作上表现优于英伟达芯片成为可能的原因之一,只要你能获得底层的CUDA支持。
And it doesn't have to have all the overhead that the Nvidia system does that supports all kinds of different jobs, you know, it supports that exact job for OpenAI and then a similar job for Anthropic and then a similar job for Grok over at SpaceX. Oh, yeah, and a similar job for Gemini over at Google even though Google has their own TPUs. Oh, yeah, and a similar job over at Meta. And so that broad support for all of those different jobs is one of the things that makes it very doable to have a chip that performs better on a job than Nvidia chips will do on that job as long as you can get the the CUDA support underneath it.
所以,英伟达的芯片,GB系列、Vera Rubin系列等等,它们将最适合训练,但未来99%是推理。
So, Nvidia chips, the GB, the Vera Rubins, whatever, they'll be op- optimal for training, but 99% of the future is inference.
不过,在处理云端大规模推理时,英伟达仍然非常擅长。
Nvidia still is really good at doing inference though when it comes to large quantities of inference in the cloud.
因此,在当今的人工智能领域,英伟达在提供一些最低成本的推理令牌方面表现出色,即使这些系统最初是为训练工作负载设计的,他们也能够进行调整,在推理云工作负载中同样表现出色。
And so, Nvidia's exceptional in today's regime of artificial intelligence at delivering some of the lowest cost inference tokens even with these systems that were kind of initially designed for that training workload, they've been able to make their adaptations um to also excel in the inference cloud workload.
但他们能否将这种分配增长到与英伟达竞争并夺取其份额的程度?我认为这很难做到,因为黄仁勋已经与所有控制内存供应和上游瓶颈的供应商达成了数十亿美元的交易,等到Sam和OpenAI团队发现限制Jalapeno夺取份额的瓶颈时,黄仁勋已经在几步之前就抢占了先机。
But are they going to be able to grow that allocation to a point where it competes with and take share away from Nvidia? I would say it's going to be pretty hard to do that since Jensen's already out there making, you know, billions and billions of dollars worth of deals with all of the suppliers who do control memory supply and all of these upstream bottlenecks like by the time that Sam and the OpenAI team discover what the bottleneck is going to be that caps jalapeno's ability to take share Jensen was there several steps ago and already snapped that up.
换个角度看,现在OpenAI正试图与英伟达竞争。他们试图……我不知道,也许你甚至不称之为竞争,也许只是称之为供应链多元化,试图增加他们与英伟达这样公司关系中的筹码,所有这些都是你作为一家负责任的CEO不能不去探索的途径。
just to flip the thing on its head, you know, right now OpenAI is trying to compete with Nvidia. They're trying to and I don't know, maybe you don't even call it competing. Maybe just call it diversifying their supply chain, trying to to increase their amount of leverage that they have in the relationship with a company like Nvidia and all those things are things that you like you can't be a responsible CEO of a company and not explore all of those avenues.
但另一方面,黄仁勋也可以与他的客户竞争,如果他的客户想与他竞争,那就在某种程度上给了他与他们竞争的许可,他可以生产开放权重模型,与OpenAI模型、Anthropic模型正面竞争。
近年来我们已经看到他们越来越多地这样做。我确实预计这一努力会增加,对美国制造的自主前沿开源人工智能模型的需求也会增长,我认为英伟达处于制造和交付这些模型的最佳位置。
But on the flip side, Jensen also can compete with his cut like if his customers want to compete with him, then that kind of gives him a license to compete with them and he can go produce open weight models that compete head-to-head with OpenAI models, with Anthropic models. We've seen them can increasingly doing that over the recent years. And um I do expect for that effort to increase and for the demand for, you know, sovereign US-made frontier open-source AI models um to just grow and I think Nvidia's in the best place to manufacture and deliver those.
这显然是有道理的,因为这些工作负载仍然必须在硬件上运行。因此,如果他们能增加对令牌的总需求,那就会增加对他们芯片的需求。所以他有充分的动机这样做,也许如果你这样做,你对令牌的需求增加得如此之多,以至于所有英伟达GPU都被售出,所有Jalapeno GPU都被售出,所有谷歌TPU都被售出,这似乎就是正在发生的事情。
And it obviously makes sense because, you know, those workloads have to run on hardware still. And so if they can increase the total demand for tokens, then that increases the demand for their chips. And so he's got all of the incentives in the world to do that and um and maybe maybe if you do that, you increase the demand for tokens so much that all of the Nvidia GPUs get sold and all of the jalapeno GPUs get sold and all of the Google TPUs get sold and all of the and that seems to be what's happening.
现在他们有点放弃了构建自己的计算能力。现在也许构建自己的芯片是踏入其中的一步。但最大的问题是,在所有这些噪音之后,你不担心你的英伟达仓位,你不担心美光,你至少在未来3年内不担心ASML。
Now they kind of have left building out their own compute. Now maybe building out their chip is kind of a stepping into it. But the big question is after all this noise, you're not worried about your Nvidia position, you're not worried about Micron, you not worried about ASML at least for the next 3 years.
是的,如果我把那个3年的时间范围扩大到5年,我可能会选择SpaceX而不是英伟达。而且我认为SpaceX在那个时间范围内或那个3年时间框架内也会表现得非常好。但是,是的,我认为所有这些事情在可预见的未来都是相当安全的,除非我们有一些没人预料到的神奇物理突破。
Yeah, and like if I was, you know, if we had expanded that 3-year time horizon to 5 years, I probably would have picked SpaceX over Nvidia. And I think SpaceX is going to do incredibly well inside of that time or that 3-year time frame, too. Um but yeah, I think all of those things are are pretty pretty safe for the uh foreseeable future unless we have some, you know, magic physics breakthrough that no one is expecting yet.
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