TSM 值得买入;AI 需求支撑创纪录的利润率,而地缘政治风险带来估值折价,意味着未来 12-18 个月有 43% 的上行空间。
逐段跳播
代理人工智能的出现和普及,对台积电(TSMC)构成了额外的推动力,而该公司本就因这些数据中心所使用的加速器而经历着需求的激增。
The emergence and spread of proxy artificial intelligence was an additional incentive for Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), which was already experiencing a surge in demand as a result of the accelerators being used in these data centers.
因此,台积电正在加大投资,在亚利桑那州追加1000亿美元,用于建设多座制造工厂,以满足这一不断增长的需求。但这一切是否让台积电股票成为一个值得买入的投资机会,还是说已经太晚、股价的涨幅已足以抵消市场对该公司所有这些增长的需求?
As a result, Taiwan Semiconductor Company is increasing its investments, adding an additional $100 billion in Arizona to build several manufacturing facilities to meet this growing demand.
But does all this make TSMC shares an investment opportunity to buy, or is it too late and has the share price risen enough to offset all this increased market demand for the company?
因此,人工智能需求的不断增长,为台积电开辟了额外的增长途径。过去12个月营收达到1430亿美元,你可以看到这条曲线的斜率逐年上升,尤其是在ChatGBT出现之后加速上扬,而如今,由于代理人工智能的势头,这条曲线的陡峭程度很可能还会进一步加大。
Therefore, the growing demand for artificial intelligence creates an additional growth avenue for Taiwan Semiconductor Company. Revenues reached $143 billion over the past 12 months, and you can see the slope of that curve rising over the years, accelerating especially since the emergence of ChatGBT, and it is now likely to see an even greater increase in the steepness of that curve as a result of the momentum of proxy AI.
这是因为代理人工智能创造了对CPU、内存和存储组件的需求,而在代理人工智能出现之前,这些组件并未受到同等程度的关注。当时的关注点实际上在图形处理器(GPU)和加速器上,它们产生了大量需求;半导体制造的很大一部分都投向了这些类别。
但现在,在这一需求层之上又叠加了一个新的层次,形成了一种台积电难以满足的局面。
This is because proxy AI creates a demand for CPUs, memory, and storage components that did not receive the same level of focus before the advent of proxy AI. The focus was actually on graphics processing units (GPUs) and accelerators, which were generating a lot of demand; A large part of semiconductor manufacturing was directed towards those categories.
But now, a new layer has been added on top of that demand layer, creating a situation that is difficult for Taiwan Semiconductor Company to meet.
这就是为什么他们需要大力投资以扩大产能,因为他们的产能已经被全部预订。这在原本就已供不应求的局面之上,又创造了额外的需求。
That is why they need to invest heavily in increasing production capacity because they are already fully booked. This creates additional demand on top of a situation that was already suffering from demand exceeding the company's supply capacity.
台积电以溢价水平创造这一需求。尽管他们没有大幅提价,但他们仍受益于产能利用率的提升,从而实现创纪录水平的最高营业利润率,这是该公司在过去十年中任何时候都未曾达到的。
TSMC generates this demand at premium prices. Although they did not raise prices significantly, they are still benefiting from increased utilization of production capacity to achieve maximum operating profit margins at record levels that the company has not reached at any time during the past decade.
55.84%这一数字是过去十二个月中最后记录到的数值。你可以看到,这一百分比是该公司过去十年历史上的最高水平。
The figure of 55.84% was the last recorded figure during the past twelve months. You can see that this percentage is the highest in the company's history over the past decade.
然而,管理团队并不预期这些利润率会继续上升。但他们这么说已经有一年多了。
However, the management team does not expect these margins to continue rising. But they've been saying that for over a year.
正如引言中提到的,TSM正在亚利桑那州投资以扩大其制造能力,因为其客户希望在地缘政治上实现更多元化。因此,企业希望TSM将其供应扩展到更多国家和地区,这就是该公司在美国投资的原因,此外还有该公司获得的数十亿美元半导体补贴,这些补贴是在上一届政府任内宣布的,用于扩大制造产能。
As mentioned in the introduction, TSM is investing in Arizona to expand its manufacturing capabilities because its customers want more geopolitical diversification. Therefore, companies wanted TSM to expand its availability to more countries and regions, which is why the company is investing in the United States, in addition to the billions of dollars in semiconductor grants the company received, which were announced under the previous administration to expand manufacturing capacity.
然后,当然还有现任政府下的关税威胁,这进一步促使企业在美国境内投资制造。因此,所有这些原因共同推动了在亚利桑那州的投资。
Then, of course, there is the threat of tariffs under the current administration, which further encourages companies to invest in manufacturing within the United States. Therefore, all these reasons are what drive investment in Arizona.
然而,不利的一面是,管理团队表示,亚利桑那州的生产成本显著高于台湾的生产成本。因此,管理团队预计未来利润率将会下降。
However, the downside is that the management team stated that the cost of production in Arizona is significantly higher than the cost of production in Taiwan. Therefore, the management team expects profit margins to decline in the future.
但他们这么说已经有一年多了,而我们尚未看到利润率出现那样的下降,因为他们的产能利用率一直非常高,抵消了那些预期的利润率下降。
But they have been saying this for over a year now, and we have not yet seen that decline in margins because their capacity utilization rate has been so high, offsetting those expected declines in profit margins.
然而,管理团队告诉投资者:“不要太兴奋。不要过度自信。由于那些国际投资,我们仍然预计利润率会下降。”既然台积电需要投资数十亿、数百亿美元来满足其半导体制造不断增长的需求,我想了解这家公司配置资本的效率如何。
However, the management team told investors: "Don't get too excited. Don't be overconfident. We still expect lower profit margins as a result of those international investments."
Now that TSMC needs to invest billions, tens of billions of dollars to meet the growing demand for its semiconductor manufacturing, I wanted to know how effectively this company allocates capital.
从他们过去十年的表现来看,我会说他们的表现良好到非常出色,而且几乎在过去十年的每一个时点都无疑高于其加权平均资本成本。
Judging by their performance over the past decade, I would say that they have performed well to very well, and certainly above their weighted average cost of capital at almost every moment over the past decade.
所以,当你看到这样一家企业时,作为投资者,如果他们需要迅速扩大资本投资,你可以感到放心,因为他们在这方面一直做得非常好。
So, when you see a business like this, as an investor, you can feel at ease if they need to scale up capital investment quickly because they have been very good at it.
这不仅是在过去十年的大部分时间里他们一直在有效做到的事情。我可以回溯三十年,我们也会看到类似的表现。
This is something they have been doing effectively not just during the greater part of the past decade. I could go back three decades and we would see a similar performance.
台积电出色的业绩对投资者来说已不是秘密。自2026年初以来,其股价已上涨超过48%。当然,我对此感到高兴。全年我一直将台积电股票评为绝佳的买入机会。
TSMC's excellent performance is no secret to investors. Its share price has risen by more than 48% since the beginning of 2026. Of course, I am happy about that. I have been rating TSMC stock as a great buying opportunity all year.
由于股价高企,按市盈率衡量,台积电目前的交易价格接近其最高点,与过去两年的水平相比。但绝对估值的整体水平并不算贵。事实上,与标普500指数中的平均股票相比,该股目前处于折价交易状态。
Due to the high share price, TSMC is trading near its highest point when measured by the price-to-earnings ratio, compared to where it was during the past two years. But the overall level of absolute evaluation is not that expensive.
In fact, the stock is trading at a discount compared to the average stock in the S&P 500 index.
原因是什么?就是我在引言中强调的那个地缘政治担忧。
What is the reason for that? That geopolitical concern that I highlighted in the introduction.
如果台积电是一家美国公司,其远期市盈率将超过30倍。既然情况并非如此,这就是该股以如此大幅折价交易的原因。因此,那个风险溢价,以及那些地缘政治风险,已经反映在台积电的估值之中。
If TSM were an American company, it would be trading at a forward price-to-earnings ratio exceeding 30. Since that is not the case, this is why the stock is trading at such a large discount.
Therefore, that risk premium, and those geopolitical risks, are already built into TSM's valuation.
我还更新了对该公司贴现现金流的评估,以从另一个角度看待价格。因此,我计算出公允价值为639美元,与今天445美元的市场价格相比,我预计台积电股价在未来12至18个月内将上涨43%。
I have also updated my assessment of the company's discounted cash flows to get another perspective on the price. Therefore, I calculated a fair value of $639, and compared to today's market price of $445, I expect a 43% increase for TSM shares over the next 12 to 18 months.
那么,回答这个问题:我是否仍然认为台积电的股票代表一个买入机会?我认为是的。
So, to answer the question, do I still think that Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company's stock represents a buying opportunity? I think so.
该评级上次更新于8月31日,满意度为中等水平。今天,我将重申这一评级,但我会将对该建议的信心水平从中等上调至高度,因为我在最近几周看到的发展,以及该公司的估值相对于其前景在我看来比几个月前更具吸引力。
This rating was last updated on August 31st with a medium level of satisfaction. Today, I will repeat this rating, but I will raise my level of conviction regarding this recommendation from medium to high because of the developments I have seen in recent weeks, and because the company’s valuation compared to its prospects seems to me much more attractive than it did a few months ago.
这个频道对 $TSM 的历次判断
Parkev Tatevosian, CFA 在这只股票上共 3 条判断,这里只列相邻的几条。